【朱承】義利之辯與儒家公個性思惟的展一包養網站比較開

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The expression of power and the development of Confucian public thinking

Author: Zhu Cheng (professed by Shanghai Department of Philosophy, and a member of the China Institute of Modern Thought and Civilization, Huadong Teachers)

Source: “Philosophy Dynamics” Issue 5, 2019

Time: Confucius was in the 2570s and was the second day of the month of the Jihai Pu lunar month

                                                                                                                                                                                             � Jesus June 4, 2019

【Abstract】

From the history of Confucianism, although the implications of profit cannot be simply equal to the implications of public and private, public and private issues are still one of its focus. In public career, the concept of public and self-interest being more preemptive under what circumstances is the reality of the meaning of profit. In the view of Confucianism, the public life of the public needs individuals to make the Watanabe private sector better implement the common sense, become others and promote society. The principles of public nature and superiority shown in the meaning of power also appear in Confucian thoughts such as benevolence, fantasy, and self-cultivation. In this regard, the meaning of profit is the logical development of Confucian public thinking. Zhu Xi said, “The wording of Yili is the first meaning of Confucianism.” [1] The wording of Yili occupies a major position in Confucianism, and late Confucianists all discussed this issue a lot. From Confucius’ proposal that “correct people are used to express their power, and gentlemen are used to express their power” (“Theory·Li Ren”), from Mencius’s rebellion against King Hui of Liang, “Why should the king be called profit, and there is also benevolence and moral integrity” (“Mencius·King Hui of Liang”), and from Xunzi’s saying that “those who first make righteousness and then profit will be rewarded, and those who make righteousness will be humiliated” (“Xunzi·King Humiliation”), Then to Dong Zhongshu’s “correcting one’s words (motivation) does not mean its profit, and understanding one’s way does not count its merit” (“Han Shu·Dong Zhongshu’s Essay”), several important contemplative thinkers in the late Confucianism laid the foundation for the meaning of profit and “meaning is important to profit” and “meaning is ahead of profit”, which had a grand impact on China’s traditional profit view, and later discussed “彩彩下载” can either continue the basic viewpoint and position of Confucius, Mencius and Xun Dong, or continue to develop profoundly in their views. Even a few thinkers who emphasize “both equal value of profit” and “prime as priority” must also express the concept of “profit” of Confucius, Mencius and Xun Dong, which can be said to be “can be surpassed but not surpassed”. Confucius used the power to distinguish between righteous people and gentlemen. Mencius used the power to discuss the principles of the state of wise governance. Xunzi used the power to judge the distinction between honor and humiliation. Dong Zhongshu summarized the Confucian and Mencius’s view as the teaching of “using Taoism to overpower utilitarianism.” Therefore, when Zhu Xi emphasized that “the saying of “profit is the first meaning of Confucians”, he actually said that whether the inclusive price can adhere to “profit before profit” and “profit is important for distinguishing Confucianism from non-Confucianism, and it is also the value of Confucianism.The focus of the stands. Although there are differences in the historical texts of “一” and “一” in the past, “一” and “一” can often be analyzed as the preface of “public” or “private”, such as “一”, “public benefit”, “private interests”, etc., that is, the words “一” and “一” themselves contain different differences between public and private, but we can think that in terms of ordinary applications, “一” tend to be more common, righteous, and other public personal orientations, which means broad, long, and complete. The “goods” of the VIP in the net have the meaning of “public”; “profits” more importantly refer to the specific group and personal benefits, which means the “goods” of specific, short, and departmental, and has the meaning of “private”. This kind of division is of course arguably simple, but in order to separate from the complex literary examination and directly face one of the aspects of the literary rich meanings, it also has certain value. Based on this, we have converted the issues of traditional profit sequence and slight profit into a specific problem, that is, for specific people or specific benefits, which one is more superior to “common justice” or “self-interest” in our career? What does this priority have for our career? The question of whether “publicism” or “private interests” is the basic foundation of Confucianism in public and private issues, and also means the logical development of traditional Confucian public individual thinking.

1. The meaning of profit is inclusive of href=”https://twsugarhoney520.org/”>Baining appThe public and private relationship

For the purpose of protecting “一” or “一” or “一” it covers the origin of the two words “一” and “一” The difference is understood, and the thinking has been many differentiated disputes about the relationship between power and profit, such as emphasis on light profit, heavy profit, and equal importance of profit, and the meaning of profit is also profit, profit may not be distorted, and profit is also meaningful, such as understanding “right” as appropriate, benevolent, and common sense, and interpreting “profit” as natural benefits, selfish desires or public benefits, selfish interests, etc. Even if these arguments are discussed, we can find a corresponding basis from the literature. However, if we only divide the rich literary notes and adopt a simplified attitude, we can directly face the problem of the division between public and private nature brought about by the “competence of interests”, and thus reflect on people’s value choices between public and private interests, and thus the Confucian position on public issues.

Ask questions about “profit” that cannot defeat the target, such as “profit” to humans, perhaps “profit” to nature, or perhaps “profit” to a certain entity or group, there is a level of value, and people’s moral judgments in daily life are also different. For example, when we say that a behavior is “benefit” to humans,Moral evaluation is often higher than that of “benefit” to individual self, that is, “benefit” to humans inclusiveness seems to be higher than that of individual self. At this time, “benefit” to humans is actually a “meaning”. It can be seen that in the meaning of “profit” in the meaning of “utilitarianism” in the meaning of “utilitarianism”, “profit” also has an object problem, namely “who is beneficial to.” When Mencius talked about King Hui of Liang, he said, “The king said, ‘Why do you benefit my country’? The master said, ‘Why do you benefit my family’? The scholars and common people said, ‘Why do you benefit my body’?” (Mencius, King Hui of Liang”) Here, “our country, my family, my body” appears. Judging from these words, when people talk about “profit”, they all have the direction of being self-centered or exclusive. To put it bluntly, what is the benefit of “me” or “the group of my place”? Obviously, in the context of Confucianism’s meaning of profit, in terms of the object of “profit”, it is a group that is “I” or “item to me”, which is “private interests”, which has a private meaning, rather than eliminating the public advantage of “I” or “group at my place”. Relatively speaking, it is “benefit” to others and “benefit” to eliminate the cooperation of “my own good” and is part of the “meaning”. Understanding this way, although it can be simple, it can help us to form a direct understanding of “profit”. In other words, in terms of objects, “profit” points more to “me” or “groups in our location”, while “exclusiveness” often points to eliminate the public and general considerations of “personal self-interest” outside.